New regulations on asset management will increase capital that institutions have to hold in China; these regulations will significantly affect bank and nonbank relationships; banks have repackaged loans and transferred them to brokerages and other lenders which eventually make their way to investors; last year these transactions totaled $3.5 trillion in off-balance sheet lending according to the Wall Street Journal; one example of a lender that has been fined is China Guangfa Bank which turned loans going sour into high yield investments. Source